QWERTY vs Dvorak vs Colemak

These layouts change which characters occupy the same physical positions. Compare moved keys and your own typing needs before relearning an arrangement.

First keyboard

US QWERTY · Typing block: 61 keys in the illustrated arrangement`, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0, -, =, Backspace, Tab, q, w, e, r, t, y, u, i, o, p, [, ], \, Caps, a, s, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, ;, ', Enter, Shift, z, x, c, v, b, n, m, ,, ., /, Shift, Ctrl, Win, Alt, Space, Alt, Win, Menu, Ctrl``11223344556677889900--==BackspaceBackspaceTabTabqqwweerrttyyuuiioopp[[]]\\CapsCapsaassddffgghhjjkkll;;''EnterEnterShiftShiftzzxxccvvbbnnmm,,..//ShiftShiftCtrlCtrlWinWinAltAltSpaceSpaceAltAltWinWinMenuMenuCtrlCtrl
US QWERTY · Typing block: 61 keys in the illustrated arrangement.

Second keyboard

Dvorak · Typing block: 61 keys in the illustrated arrangement`, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0, [, ], Backspace, Tab, ', ,, ., p, y, f, g, c, r, l, /, =, \, Caps, a, o, e, u, i, d, h, t, n, s, -, Enter, Shift, ;, q, j, k, x, b, m, w, v, z, Shift, Ctrl, Win, Alt, Space, Alt, Win, Menu, Ctrl``11223344556677889900[[]]BackspaceBackspaceTabTab'',,..ppyyffggccrrll//==\\CapsCapsaaooeeuuiiddhhttnnss--EnterEnterShiftShift;;qqjjkkxxbbmmwwvvzzShiftShiftCtrlCtrlWinWinAltAltSpaceSpaceAltAltWinWinMenuMenuCtrlCtrl
Dvorak · Typing block: 61 keys in the illustrated arrangement.
33 changed character positions61 keys vs 61 keys

Dashed outlines mark different characters, key shapes or positions, and keys present on only one keyboard. Both diagrams use the same key-unit scale.

F1–F12First: On a layerSecond: On a layer
ArrowsFirst: On a layerSecond: On a layer
NavigationFirst: On a layerSecond: On a layer
NumpadFirst: On a layerSecond: On a layer

What changes when you switch

Dvorak moves vowels to the left side of the home row and relocates punctuation. Colemak keeps more familiar QWERTY positions and shortcuts while changing much of the letter arrangement. Colemak-DH changes additional positions and has different row-staggered and ortholinear forms.

Changing an arrangement also affects where a shortcut’s letter is typed. Decide whether your preferred application shortcuts should follow the character or the physical position.

Compare the text you actually type

Use a sample of your own writing or code in the analyzer. Examine key frequency, row use and same-finger letter sequences separately rather than treating one combined score as a personal typing-speed result.

Use the same text and finger assignments for each comparison. Practice the selected arrangement and measure your own accuracy and speed once it becomes familiar.